Human Rights
Child Soldiers: Recruitment, Reintegration and International Accountability
Child soldiers are children recruited or used by armed forces and armed groups; protection depends on prevention, reintegration and criminal accountability.
Health Diplomacy: Meaning, Institutions and Examples
Health diplomacy turns outbreaks, vaccines, medicines and sanitary rules into negotiations among governments, international organizations and health systems.
Council of Europe: Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law
The Council of Europe links 46 states to the European Convention on Human Rights, the Strasbourg Court and public monitoring of rights obligations.
Ethnic Cleansing: Meaning, Examples and International Law
Ethnic cleansing is the violent removal of a group from a territory; international law prosecutes its acts as specific crimes.
Internally Displaced Persons: Definition, Protection and Humanitarian Challenges
Internally displaced persons flee danger without crossing a border, which makes protection depend on national responsibility, humanitarian access and durable solutions.
Women, Peace and Security: UNSCR 1325 and Implementation
The WPS agenda protects women and girls in conflict and expands women’s participation in peace and security decisions.