Understand how Realism, Liberalism, Constructivism and other theories explain power, cooperation and international conflict.

BRICS links 11 emerging economies through summits, finance initiatives and Global South coordination in world politics.

A treaty normally moves through negotiation, adoption, authentication, consent to be bound, publication and entry into force.

Power is the ability to influence another actor's actions or decisions. It depends upon various factors and can assume a multitude of forms.

The Big Stick policy was Roosevelt’s strategy of negotiating while keeping U.S. military force ready, especially in Latin America.

APEC is the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, a 21-economy group that promotes trade, investment and regional economic integration.

How the UN Security Council works, why the veto exists, and why reform is central to debates over legitimacy.

Lithium supply chains link battery manufacturing, critical minerals policy, industrial strategy and geopolitical risk.

Learn how the WHO is governed, funded, and limited as the UN health agency, from its Member States to the IHR and pandemic rules.